D to N
Danthonia spicata , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Daphne giraldii, mezereum, and sericea , Slow germinator - up to a year or more. Store seeds in layers of moist sand in the shade. Check seeds regularly in the spring, and sow them all as soon as radicles appear
Darmera peltata (syn. Peltiphyllum peltatum) , Sow at 22ºC (71ºF) for 6 wks or more. Move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 6-8 wks. Then raise the temperature to 10ºC (50ºF). If no germination in 4-6 wks, repeat the cycle from the beginning. If the warm/cold cycles were not long enough, a new warm/cold cycle is needed.
Datisca cannabina , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Degenia velebitica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Delosperma cooperi, and sutherlandii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Delphinium belladonna, cardinale, cashmirianum, chinense, elatum, glareosum, glaucum, grandiflorum, nudicaule, patens, requinni, and tatsienense , Sow at 22-24ºC (71-75ºF), germination in less than 2 weeks
Delphinium exaltatum, and zalil , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Dentaria enneaphyllos , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Deschampsia caespitosa, and flexuosa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Desmodium canadense, and sessilifolium , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germ.
Desmodium illinoense , Slow germinator - up to a year or more. Store seeds in layers of moist sand in the shade. Check seeds regularly in the spring, and sow them all as soon as radicles appear
Dianthus allwoodii, amurensis, arenarius, x arvernensis, barbatus, carthusianorum, caryophyllus, cruentus, deltoides, gratianopolitanus, knappii, microlepis, monspessulanus, myrtinervius, nardiformis, nitidus, petraeus, pinifolius, plumarius, pontederae, pyrenaicus, x roysii, sequieri, siberica, subacaulis, superbus, and sylvestris , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Dianthus alpinus, neglectus, and pavonius , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Dianthus glacialis , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Dianthus strictus v. bebius , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Diapensia lapponica , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Dicentra cucullaria, eximia, formosa, peregrina, and spectabilis , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination , short viable seed - sow immediately after harvest
Dicentra scandens , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Dichelostemma pulchellum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Dictamnus albus, fraxinella, and ruber , Sow at 23ºC (73ºF) for 6-8 wks, move to +4ºC (39ºF) for 6-8 wks, raise temperatures slowly to10ºC (50ºF) for germination, recycle, as germination may take a second year. Short viable
Dierama pendulum, and pulcherrimum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Digitalis ambigua, eriostachya, ferruginea, grandiflora, laevigata, lanata, lutea, x mertonensis, obscura, parviflora, purpurea, and thapsi , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Dionysia aretioides, involucrata, and teucrioides , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Dipsacus pilosus , Slow germinator - up to a year or more. Store seeds in layers of moist sand in the shade. Check seeds regularly in the spring, and sow them all as soon as radicles appear
Dipsacus sativus, and sylvestris , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Dodecatheon conjugens, dentata, meadia, pulchellum, and redolens , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months moist
Dodecatheon clevelandii, and tetrandrum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Doronicum orientale , Scarify seed, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Doronicum austriacum, and pardalinches , Scarify seed, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Dorycnium hirsutum, and pentaphyllum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Douglasia laevigata, and nivalis , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for irregular germination
Draba aizoides, borealis, bruniifolia, cretica, hispanica, lasiocarpa, loiseleurii, parnassica, paysonii, ramosissima, rosularis, sakuraii, and setosa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Dracocephalum argunense, canescens, grandiflorum, nutans, ruyschianum, and speciosum , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Dracocephalum botryoides , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Dracunculus vulgaris , Sow under very thin cover at 20ºC (68ºF) in light and constant humidity, germinates in less than two wks if temperatures are held at or above that level.
Drosera rotundifolia , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Dryas drummondii, integrifolia, octopetala, and x suendermanii , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Duchesnea indica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Eccremocarpus scaber , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Echinacea pallida, and purpurea , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Echinacea angustifolia, paradoxa, and tennesseensis , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to 4ºC (40ºF) for 9 wks, move to 10ºC (50ºF) for germination
Echinops bannaticus, ritro, and sphaerocephalus , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Echium italicum, russicum, and vulgare , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Edraianthus graminifolius, and pumilio , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months small seed - do not cover
Edraianthus serpyllifolius, and tenuifolius , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks small seed - do not cover
Elsholtzia stauntonii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Eleocharis compressa, and elliptica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Elymus arenarius, and canadensis , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Eminium spiculatum , Sow under very thin cover at 20ºC (68ºF) in light and constant humidity, germinates in less than two wks if temperatures are held at or above that level.
Empetrum nigrum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Epilobium angustifolium, dodonaei, fleisheri, and hirsutum , Surface sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Eragrostis curvula, and trichodes , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Eragrostis spectabilis , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Eranthis hiemalis , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Eremurus aitchisonii, altaicus v. fuscus, bungei, himalaicus, robustus, and stenophyllus , Sow moist at 25-30ºC (77-87ºF) for 4-5 wks. Move to 2ºC (35ºF) in darkness for 11-12 wks. Slowly raise temperature and light levels.
Erianthus contortus , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Erianthus ravennae, and strictus , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Erica arborea , Surface sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Erigeron glaucus, hybridus, karvinskianus, and trifidus , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Erigeron aurantiacus, and myosotis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Erigeron speciosus , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow needs darkness to germinate
Erinus alpinus , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Eriogonum fasciculatum, and umbellatum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Eriophorum angustifolium, and vaginatum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Eriophyllum lanatum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Eritrichum caucasicum , kamtschaticum, and terglouense , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks small seed - do not cover
Eritrichium nanum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Erodium acaule , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Erodium manescavii, and pelargonifolium , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Eryngium agavifolium, maritimum, pandanifolium, planum, tripartitum, and yuccafolium, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Eryngium alpinum, bourgatii, giganteum, glaciale, palmatum, and spinalba , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination . Best if sown immediately after harvest.
Eryngium amethystinum, and campestre , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Erysimum allionii, helveticum, hybridum, and pumilum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Erythronium dens-canis, grandiflorum , hendersonii, montanum, oregonum, and revolutum, Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Eupatorium ageratoides, and coelestinum, , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Eupatorium altissimum , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Eupatorium cannabium, perfoliatum, and rugosum, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Eupatorium chinense v. simplicifolia, and greggii , Sow on surface at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, if no germination in 4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4 wks, recycle
Eupatorium maculatum, and sessilifolium , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Eupatorium purpureum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Euphorbia amygdaloides, characias, corollata, longifolia, nicaeensis, rigida, seguieriana, and wallichii , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Euphorbia cyparissias, dulcis, and griffithii , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) very slow germinator,
Euphorbia lathyris , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 2 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for irregular germination
Euphorbia marginata , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in two wks sow in situ outdoors, will not transplant
Euphorbia myrsinites , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks thin cover, needs light
Euphorbia palustris, and polychroma , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Ferula assa-foetida, and communis , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Festuca amethystina, gigantea, glauca, and ovina, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in about two wks
Festuca pulchella, scoparia, and valesiaca , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Fibigia clypeata , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Filipendula hexapetala , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF) for 6 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Filipendula rubra, and ulmaria , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 12 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination, sow immediately after harvest.
Foeniculum vulgare , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Fragaria vesca , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Fragaria hybrida , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Fragaria virginiana , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Francoa sochnifolia , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular
Frasera speciosa , Sow at 4ºC (40ºF) for 6 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Fritillaria imperialis, lanceolata, meleagris, michailovskyi, pallidiflora, persica, pontica, pudica, pyrenaica, raddeana, and tubiformis , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Fuchsia magellanica , Surface sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Fumana procumbens , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Gaillardia aristata , grandiflora, lorenziana, pulchella , Sow under thin cover at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Galanthus elwesii, graecus, nivalis, and plicatus , Sow in moist sand at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for prolongued germination
Galega officinalis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in about two wks thin cover, needs light
Galium boreale, mollugo, obtusum, and tinctorium , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Galium odoratum, and verum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in about two wks
Galtonia candicans , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Galtonia viridiflora , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Gaultheria depressa, miqueliana, and procumbens , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germ. irregular, often several months
Gaultheria shallon , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Gaura lindheimeri , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Gazania linearis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Genista carinalis, and sagittalis , Scarify seed, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in about two wks
Genista tinctoria , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Gentiana acaulis, andrewsii, angustifolia, asclepiadea, bavarica, brachyphylla, calycosa, clusii, crinita, dinarica, freyniana, frigida, froelichii, x hexaferreri, kochiana, lutea, makinoi, nivalis, pannonica, paradoxa, parryi, pneumonanthe, punctata, puberula, purpurea, quinguefolia, septemfida, sino-ornata, triflora, and verna , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination cover thin
Gentiana algida, cruciata, dahurica, divisa, flavida, gracilipes, kurroo, oliveri, saxosa, straminea, thianscanica, and tibetica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks cover thin
Geranium asphodeloides, caespitosum, himalayense, oxonianum, and palmatum, Sow at 13ºC (55ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Geranium endressii, macrorrhizum, and sylvaticum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Geranium pratense, and pyrenaicum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF), if no germination after 4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, then move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Geranium bohemicum, maculatum, nepalense, nodosum, palustre, phaeum, psilostemon, renardii, sanguineum, swatense, and viscosissimum , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Gerardia aspera, gattingera, and tenuifolia , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Geum chiloense , hybridum, and macrophyllum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Geum coccineum, montanum, pyrenaicum, and reptans , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germ. irregular, often several mos.
Geum bulgaricum, rivale, triflorum, and urbanum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Gillenia stipulata, and trifoliata , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Gladiolus illyricus, imbricatus, italicus, and palustris , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Glaucidium palmatum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination 2 cold periods often required
Glaucium corniculatum, and flavum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Glaucium vitellianum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Globularia cordifolia , nudicaulis, punctata, and trichosantha, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Glyceria maxima, and striata , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Glycyrrhiza echinata, and glabra , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Goniolimon tataricum (syn. Limonium tatarica) , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Gratiola officinalis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Grindelia integrifolia, and robusta , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Gundelia tournefortii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Gunnera manicata, scabra, and tinctoria , Sow at 24-30ºC (75-86ºF), germination in about 2 weeks
Gypsophila pacifica, paniculata, repens, and tenuifolia gracilipes , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Gypsophila cerastioides, Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Haberlea rhodopensis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks Small seed - do not cover
Haastia pulvinaris, and sinclairii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow Best if sown immediately after harvest
Haberlea rhodopensis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks Small seed - do not cover
Hebe raoulii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Hedysarum alpinum, boreale, coronarium, and hedysaroides , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Helenium autumnale , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Helenium hoopesii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Helianthella quinquenervis , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Helianthemum apenninumm, nummularium, and oelandica, Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Helianthemum bicknelli, and canadense , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germ.
Helianthemum nummularium mutabile, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Helianthus angustifolius, decapetalus, maximiliana, occidentalis, and rigidus , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Helianthus grosseserratus, lactiflorus, mollis, and strumosus , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Helichrysum arenarium, bellidioides, italicum, plicatum, and thianshankum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Helictotrichon sempervirens , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination Best is sown right after harvest
Heliopsis helianthoides (syn. H. scabra) , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Helleborus argutifolius, croaticus, dyclophyllus, dumetorum, foetidus, lividus, multifidus, niger, odorus, orientalis, purpurescens, vesicarius, viridis, and x sternii , Pour hot water over seeds, let soak 1-3 days until swelling noticeable. Sow at 22ºC (71ºF) for 6 wks or more. Move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 6-8 wks. Then raise the temperature to 10ºC (50ºF). If no germination in 4-6 wks, repeat the cycle from the beginning. If the warm/cold cycles were not long enough, a new warm/cold cycle is needed. short viable.
Hemerocallis hybrids, liliasphodelus, middendorffii, and minor , Sow under very thin cover at Max. 5ºC (41ºF) in light, germination irregular, often several months Not true to type
Hepatica nobilis , Sow immediately outdoors. Short viability seed will germinate in the spring.
Hepatica triloba , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Heracleum lanatum, and mantegazzianum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination 2 cold periods often required
Herniaria glabra , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Hesperis lutea, and matronalis , Sow at 22-24ºC (71-75ºF), germination slow Cover thin. Needs light.
Heuchera americana , x brizoides, nicratum, pulchella, versicola, and villosa v. macrorrhiza, Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germination slow
Heuchera cylindrica , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Heuchera micrantha, and sanguinea , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Heuchera richardsonii (hispida) , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Hibiscus coccineus, manihot, and moscheutos, and syriacus, Sow at 22-24ºC (71-75ºF), germ. in less than 2 weeks
Hieracium alpinum, aurantiacum, bombycinum, chondrillifolium, intybaceum, lanatum, pilocella, and umbellatum, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Hieracium longipilum, maculatum, and villosum, Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Hierochloe odorata , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Horminum pyrenaicum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Hosta elata, minor, montana, sieboldiana, and ventricosa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks, recycle
Houstonia caerulae , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Hugueninia tanacetifolia , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Humulus lupulus , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Hutchinsia alpina , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Hylomecon japonicum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Hymenoxys acaulis, and grandiflora , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Hymenoxys hoopesii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germination slow
Hypericum ascyron , calycinum, and reptans, Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Hypericum androsaemum, cerastoides, coris, olympicum, orientale, patulum, perforatum, and tetrapterum, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Hypericum hyssopifolium, polyphyllum, proliferum, and pulchrum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Hypochoeris uniflora , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Hypoxis hirsuta , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Hyssopus officinalis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Hystrix patula , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Iberis gibraltarica, and sempervirens , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks needs light. Cover thin.
Iberis aurosica, and saxatilis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Iliamna remota, and rivularis , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months, but if you have the patience to nick the small seed, sow at room temperature for germination in about 3 days.
Incarvillea cheron, chinensis, delavayi, emodii, mairie, and olgae , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germ. in less than two wks
Inula acaulis, candida, ensifolia, helenium, hirta, magnifica, orientalis, racemosa, and rhizocephala , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Iris barbata, bucharica, bulleyana, chamaeiris, chrysographes, foetidissima, forrestii, graminea, hollandica, illyrica, kamaonensis, kaempferi, lactea, laevigata, magnifica, missouriensis, orientalis, paradoxa, pseudacorus, pseudocaucasica, pumila, reichenbachii, sanguinea, sari, setosa, sibirica, sintenisii, spuria, tectorum, tenax, variegata, versicolor, virginica, and xiphioides , Impervious seed coats. Shake in dry sharp sand or nick carefully with a file. Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Isatis glauca, and tinctoria , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Isopyrum thalictroides , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination Best if sown immediately after harvest
Jankaea heldreichii , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to +4ºC (39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Jasione laevis, and montana , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in about two wks
Jovibarba heuffelii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Juncus effusus, and inflexus , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Juncus ensilfolius, and filiformis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to +4ºC (39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Jurinea cyanoides, and mollis , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Kalimeris incisa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Kirengeshoma palmata , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Kitabela vitifolia , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Knautia arvensis, and macedonica , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months s
Kniphofia citrina, hybrids, and uvaria , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 2 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) indefinitely.
Koeleria cristata, and glauca , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Kosteletzkya virginica , Sow at 23ºC (73ºF), germinates in about two wks
Krigia biflora , and virginica, Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Kuhnia eupatorioides , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Lamiastrum galeobdolon , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 months, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Lamium maculatum, and purpureum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Lantana camara , Sow under thin cover at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in about two wks
Lapeirousia laxa (syn. Anomatheca laxa) , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Laserpitium gallicum, halleri, latifolium, and siler , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Lathyrus grandiflorus, laevigatus, latifolius, palustris, venosus, and vernus , Pour hot water over seeds, let soak 1-3 days until swelling noticeable. Sow at 20ºC (68ºF) for germination in more than two weeks.
Lathyrus gmelinii , Scarify seed, sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Lathyrus niger , Scarify seed, sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Lavandula angustifolia , laciniata, latifolia, and stoechas, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Lavandula lanata , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 6 wks, move to 18ºC (65ºF) for germ. in 1 to 3 months
Lavatera arborea , Sow at +4ºC (39ºF) for germ. in about 5 wks
Lavatera cachemiriana, and thuringiaca , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Leibnitzia anandria, kunzeana, and nepalensis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Leontodon crispum, and rigens , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Leontopodium alpinum, and palibinianum , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Leontopodium souliei , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Leonurus cardiaca , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Leonurus marrubiastrum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Lespedeza capitata, hirta, and leptostachya , Slow germinator - up to a year or more. Store seeds in layers of moist sand in the shade. Check seeds regularly in the spring, and sow them all as soon as radicles appear
Lespedeza thunbergii , Impervious seed coats. Shake in dry sharp sand or nick carefully with a file. Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than 2 weeks
Leucanthemum graminifolium, and x superbum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Leucogenes grandiceps , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Leucojum aestivum, and vernum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Leuzea rhapontica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Levisticum officinalis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Lewisia brachycalyx, columbiana, cotyledon, longipetala, nevadensis, oppositifolia, pygmaea, rediviva, sierrae, and tweedyi , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for irregular germination
Leycesteria formosa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Liatris aspera, cylindracea, ligulistylis, punctata, pycnoshachya, scariola nieu , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination many empty seeds
Liatris earlei, elegans, graminifolia, scariosa, spicata, and squarrosa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Liatris mucronata , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to 4ºC (40ºF) for 12 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination many empty seeds
Libertia formosa, and ixioides , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Libertia grandiflora , Sow at 23ºC (73ºF), germinates in about two wks
Ligularia hybrids , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination rapid if you get good seed, look for fat ones. poorly filled out seeds will not germinate
Ligularia clivorum, dentata, fischeri, macrophylla, przewalskii, sibirica, stenocephala, veitchiana, and wilsoniana , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Lilium bulbiferum, candidum, carniolicum, columbianum, and wilmottiae , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Lilium formosanum, and pumilum , Sow at 10ºC (50ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Lilium martagon, oxypetalum v. insigne, pyrenaicum, and regale , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Lilium michiganense, and philadelphicum v. endinum , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Lilium philippinense , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination, protect young bulbs from chipmunks
Limonium gougetianum, latifolium, perezii, sinensis, and tataricum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germ. in less than two wks
Limonium bellidifolium , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Limonium gmelinii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4 wks
Linanthus nuttallii , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Linaria aerugina, alpina, and purpurea , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Linaria vulgaris, Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Linaria genistifolia, and supina , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Lindelofia longiflora , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Linum alpinum, flavum, and perenne , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Linum capitatum, dolomiticum, and narbonense , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Liriope muscari , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Lithospermum canescens, croceum, and incisum , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Lithospermum caroliniense, and purpureo-caeruleum, Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Loasa sp. , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Lobelia cardinalis, fulgens, x gerardii, sessilifolia, speciosa, and siphilitica , Surface sow at 22-24ºC (71-75ºF) in light, germination in less than 2 weeks
Lobelia spicata , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Loiseleuria procumbens , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Lopezia racemosa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks needs winter protection
Lotus corniculatus , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Ludwigia alternatifolia, and hexapetala , Sow at 4ºC (40ºF) for 6 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Lunaria biennis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks thin cover, needs light, biennial
Lunaria rediviva , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Lupinus arboreus, littoralis, podophyllus, polyphyllus, russel hybrids, sericeus, and texensis , Pour hot water over seeds, let soak 1-3 days until swelling noticeable. Sow at 20ºC (68ºF) for germination in more than two weeks.
Lupinus lepidus, perennis , Pour hot water over seeds, let soak 1-3 days until swelling noticeable. Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, then return to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Luzula nivea, and sylvatica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germ. in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4 wks
Luzula alpinopilosa , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Luzula luzuloides, and ulophylla , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Lycene teunifolium , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Lychnis alpina, x arkwrightii, chalcedonica, coronaria, flos-cuculi, flos-jovis, x haageana, migueliana, viscaria, and yunnanensis, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Lychnis sieboldii , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4 wks
Lycopus virginicus , Sow at 4ºC (40ºF) for 6 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Lysimachia atropurpurea , and ciliata , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Lysimachia barystachys , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Lysimachia clethroides, ephemerum, and punctatum, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Lysimachia lanceolata, and quadriflora , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germ.
Lysimachia lichiangensis , and minoricensis, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in about two wks
Lythrum alatum, and anceps , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Lythrum salicaria , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks can be invasive. Illegal to sell in some states in the US
Macleaya cordata , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Madia elegans , Sow at 4ºC (40ºF) for 6 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Maianthemum bifolium , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Malva alcea, and moschata, Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Malva arbourea , neglecta, and sylvestris, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Mandragora autumnalis, and officinarum , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Marrubium cyllenium, friwaldskyanum, incanum, and suppinum, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germ. in less than two wks
Marrubium vulgare , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Marshalia trinervia , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Mazus reptans , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Meconopsis aculeata, x beamishii, betonicifolia, cambrica, dhwojii, grandis, horridula, integrifolia, napaulensis, lancifolia, regia, x sheldonii, and villosa , Germinates in low temperatures; 5 to 15ºC (41 to 59ºF) Meconopsis germ. quicker in a peat-based soilless compost
Meconopsis punicea, and quintuliplinervia , Sow immediately outdoors. Short viability seed will germinate in the spring. Short viable.
Medicago sativa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Megacarpaea polyandra , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Melica ciliata , Dry store seeds for 6 months, then sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in about two wks
Melica altissima, nutans, transsilvanica, and uniflora , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Melissa officianalis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Melittis melissophyllum , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Mentha aquatica, and longifolia , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Mertensia maritima , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Mertensia primuloides , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Meum athamanticum , Sow immediately outdoors. Short viability seed will germinate in the spring.
Micromeria thymifolia , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Milium effusum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Mimulus cardinalis, cupreus, guttatus, lewisii, luteus, minima, and tilingii, Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, germinates in less than two wks
Mimulus ringens , Surface sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Minuartia capilacea, laricifolia, and verna , Surface sow at 20ºC (68ºF) in light, if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Mitella pentandra , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination do not cover
Miscanthus sinensis, and transmorrisonensis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Molinia arundinacea, and caerulea , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Moltkia petraea , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Monarda astromontana, bradburiana, didyma, x hybrida, and punctata , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germ. in less than two wks thin cover, needs light
Monarda citriodora, and fistulosa , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Monardella odoratissima , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Montia sibirica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Morina longifolia , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks
Morina persica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Muhlenbergia axillaris, cuspidata, glomerata, and racemosa , Sow at -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 20ºC (68ºF) for germination
Muhlenbergia mexicana , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Muscari comosum , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Mutisia ilicifolia, and latifolia , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to +4ºC (39ºF) for 12 wks, move to 10 to 12ºC (50 - 53ºF) for germination
Myosotidium hortensia , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germ. irregular, often several months Best if sown right after harvest
Myosotis alpestris, palustris, and sylvatica , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germ. in less than two wks thin cover, needs light
Myosotis australis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Myosotis pulvinaris , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Myrrhis odorata , Sow immediately outdoors. Short viability seed will germinate in the spring.
Narcissus poeticus , Sow at 18-22ºC (64-71ºF) for 2-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 4-6 wks, move to 5-12ºC (41-53ºF) for germination
Narcissus serotinus , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Narthecium assifragum , Sow at 22ºC (72ºF) in muddy compost for 2-4 wks, move to 0ºC (32ºF) for 4-6 wks, after which temperature should be raised gradually.
Nepeta cataria , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks cover, needs darkness
Nepeta clarkei , dirphya, x faassenii, mussinii, nervosa, nuda, and teydea, Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germinates in less than two wks cover, needs darkness
Nepeta sibirica, stewartiana, and subsessilis , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), germination slow
Nerium oleander , Sow at 23ºC (73ºF), germination in about two wks
Nomocharis farreri, and saluenensis , Sow at Max. 5ºC (41ºF), germination irregular, often several months
Nonea pulla , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks
Notothlaspi rosulatum , Sow at 20ºC (68ºF), if no germination in 3-4 wks, move to -4 to +4ºC (24-39ºF) for 2-4 wks